核心介面和類

本節介紹 Spring Security 提供的 OAuth2 核心介面和類。

ClientRegistration

ClientRegistration 是在 OAuth 2.0 或 OpenID Connect 1.0 Provider 中註冊的客戶端的表示。

ClientRegistration 物件包含客戶端 ID、客戶端金鑰、授權授予型別、重定向 URI、範圍、授權 URI、令牌 URI 等資訊。

ClientRegistration 及其屬性定義如下:

public final class ClientRegistration {
	private String registrationId;	(1)
	private String clientId;	(2)
	private String clientSecret;	(3)
	private ClientAuthenticationMethod clientAuthenticationMethod;	(4)
	private AuthorizationGrantType authorizationGrantType;	(5)
	private String redirectUri;	(6)
	private Set<String> scopes;	(7)
	private ProviderDetails providerDetails;
	private String clientName;	(8)

	public class ProviderDetails {
		private String authorizationUri;	(9)
		private String tokenUri;	(10)
		private UserInfoEndpoint userInfoEndpoint;
		private String jwkSetUri;	(11)
		private String issuerUri;	(12)
        private Map<String, Object> configurationMetadata;  (13)

		public class UserInfoEndpoint {
			private String uri;	(14)
            private AuthenticationMethod authenticationMethod;  (15)
			private String userNameAttributeName;	(16)

		}
	}

	public static final class ClientSettings {
		private boolean requireProofKey; (17)
	}
}
1 registrationId:唯一標識 ClientRegistration 的 ID。
2 clientId:客戶端識別符號。
3 clientSecret:客戶端金鑰。
4 clientAuthenticationMethod:用於向 Provider 驗證客戶端的方法。支援的值為 client_secret_basicclient_secret_postprivate_key_jwtclient_secret_jwtnone (公共客戶端)
5 authorizationGrantType:OAuth 2.0 授權框架定義了四種 授權授予 型別。支援的值為 authorization_codeclient_credentials 以及擴充套件授予型別 urn:ietf:params:oauth:grant-type:jwt-bearer
6 redirectUri:授權伺服器在終端使用者透過身份驗證並授權客戶端訪問後,將終端使用者的使用者代理重定向到的客戶端註冊重定向 URI。
7 scopes:客戶端在授權請求流期間請求的範圍,例如 openid、email 或 profile。
8 clientName:用於客戶端的描述性名稱。該名稱可在某些場景中使用,例如在自動生成的登入頁面中顯示客戶端名稱。
9 authorizationUri:授權伺服器的授權端點 URI。
10 tokenUri:授權伺服器的令牌端點 URI。
11 jwkSetUri:用於從授權伺服器檢索 JSON Web Key (JWK) 集的 URI,其中包含用於驗證 ID 令牌和(可選)UserInfo 響應的 JSON Web Signature (JWS) 的加密金鑰。
12 issuerUri:返回 OpenID Connect 1.0 提供商或 OAuth 2.0 授權伺服器的頒發者識別符號 URI。
13 configurationMetadataOpenID Provider 配置資訊。此資訊僅在配置了 Spring Boot 屬性 spring.security.oauth2.client.provider.[providerId].issuerUri 時可用。
14 (userInfoEndpoint)uri:用於訪問經過身份驗證的終端使用者宣告和屬性的 UserInfo 端點 URI。
15 (userInfoEndpoint)authenticationMethod:向 UserInfo 端點發送訪問令牌時使用的身份驗證方法。支援的值為 headerformquery
16 userNameAttributeName:UserInfo 響應中返回的屬性名稱,該屬性引用終端使用者的名稱或識別符號。
17 requireProofKey:如果為 trueclientAuthenticationMethodnone,則將啟用 PKCE。

您最初可以透過發現 OpenID Connect 提供商的 配置端點 或授權伺服器的 元資料端點 來配置 ClientRegistration

ClientRegistrations 提供了配置 ClientRegistration 的便捷方法,如下所示:

  • Java

  • Kotlin

ClientRegistration clientRegistration =
    ClientRegistrations.fromIssuerLocation("https://idp.example.com/issuer").build();
val clientRegistration = ClientRegistrations.fromIssuerLocation("https://idp.example.com/issuer").build()

作為替代方案,您可以使用 ClientRegistrations.fromOidcIssuerLocation() 僅查詢 OpenID Connect 提供商的配置端點。

ClientRegistrationRepository

ClientRegistrationRepository 作為 OAuth 2.0 / OpenID Connect 1.0 ClientRegistration 的儲存庫。

客戶端註冊資訊最終由關聯的授權伺服器儲存和擁有。此儲存庫提供了檢索主要客戶端註冊資訊子集的功能,這些資訊儲存在授權伺服器中。

Spring Boot 自動配置將 spring.security.oauth2.client.registration.[registrationId] 下的每個屬性繫結到 ClientRegistration 的例項,然後將每個 ClientRegistration 例項組合到 ClientRegistrationRepository 中。

ClientRegistrationRepository 的預設實現是 InMemoryClientRegistrationRepository

自動配置還將 ClientRegistrationRepository 註冊為 ApplicationContext 中的 @Bean,以便應用程式需要時可用於依賴注入。

以下列表顯示了一個示例

  • Java

  • Kotlin

@Controller
public class OAuth2ClientController {

	@Autowired
	private ClientRegistrationRepository clientRegistrationRepository;

	@GetMapping("/")
	public String index() {
		ClientRegistration oktaRegistration =
			this.clientRegistrationRepository.findByRegistrationId("okta");

		...

		return "index";
	}
}
@Controller
class OAuth2ClientController {

    @Autowired
    private lateinit var clientRegistrationRepository: ClientRegistrationRepository

    @GetMapping("/")
    fun index(): String {
        val oktaRegistration =
                this.clientRegistrationRepository.findByRegistrationId("okta")

        //...

        return "index";
    }
}

OAuth2AuthorizedClient

OAuth2AuthorizedClient 是一個授權客戶端的表示。當終端使用者(資源所有者)授予客戶端訪問其受保護資源的授權時,客戶端被視為已授權。

OAuth2AuthorizedClient 的作用是將 OAuth2AccessToken(和可選的 OAuth2RefreshToken)與 ClientRegistration(客戶端)和授予授權的資源所有者(即 Principal 終端使用者)關聯起來。

OAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository 和 OAuth2AuthorizedClientService

OAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository 負責在 Web 請求之間持久化 OAuth2AuthorizedClient,而 OAuth2AuthorizedClientService 的主要作用是在應用程式級別管理 OAuth2AuthorizedClient

從開發人員的角度來看,OAuth2AuthorizedClientRepositoryOAuth2AuthorizedClientService 提供了查詢與客戶端關聯的 OAuth2AccessToken 的能力,以便將其用於發起受保護的資源請求。

以下列表顯示了一個示例

  • Java

  • Kotlin

@Controller
public class OAuth2ClientController {

    @Autowired
    private OAuth2AuthorizedClientService authorizedClientService;

    @GetMapping("/")
    public String index(Authentication authentication) {
        OAuth2AuthorizedClient authorizedClient =
            this.authorizedClientService.loadAuthorizedClient("okta", authentication.getName());

        OAuth2AccessToken accessToken = authorizedClient.getAccessToken();

        ...

        return "index";
    }
}
@Controller
class OAuth2ClientController {

    @Autowired
    private lateinit var authorizedClientService: OAuth2AuthorizedClientService

    @GetMapping("/")
    fun index(authentication: Authentication): String {
        val authorizedClient: OAuth2AuthorizedClient =
            this.authorizedClientService.loadAuthorizedClient("okta", authentication.getName());
        val accessToken = authorizedClient.accessToken

        ...

        return "index";
    }
}

Spring Boot 自動配置在 ApplicationContext 中註冊一個 OAuth2AuthorizedClientRepositoryOAuth2AuthorizedClientService @Bean。但是,應用程式可以重寫並註冊自定義的 OAuth2AuthorizedClientRepositoryOAuth2AuthorizedClientService @Bean

OAuth2AuthorizedClientService 的預設實現是 InMemoryOAuth2AuthorizedClientService,它將 OAuth2AuthorizedClient 物件儲存在記憶體中。

或者,您可以配置 JDBC 實現 JdbcOAuth2AuthorizedClientService 以將 OAuth2AuthorizedClient 例項持久化到資料庫中。

JdbcOAuth2AuthorizedClientService 依賴於 OAuth 2.0 客戶端模式 中描述的表定義。

OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager 和 OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider

OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager 負責 OAuth2AuthorizedClient 的整體管理。

主要職責包括:

  • 使用 OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider 授權(或重新授權)OAuth 2.0 客戶端。

  • 委託 OAuth2AuthorizedClient 的持久化,通常透過使用 OAuth2AuthorizedClientServiceOAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository

  • 當 OAuth 2.0 客戶端成功授權(或重新授權)時,委託給 OAuth2AuthorizationSuccessHandler

  • 當 OAuth 2.0 客戶端授權(或重新授權)失敗時,委託給 OAuth2AuthorizationFailureHandler

OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider 實現了一種授權(或重新授權)OAuth 2.0 客戶端的策略。實現通常實現授權授予型別,例如 authorization_codeclient_credentials 等。

OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager 的預設實現是 DefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager,它與一個 OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider 相關聯,該提供者可能使用基於委託的組合支援多種授權授予型別。您可以使用 OAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder 配置和構建基於委託的組合。

以下程式碼顯示瞭如何配置和構建一個 OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider 組合的示例,該組合支援 authorization_coderefresh_tokenclient_credentials 授權授予型別:

  • Java

  • Kotlin

@Bean
public OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager authorizedClientManager(
		ClientRegistrationRepository clientRegistrationRepository,
		OAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository authorizedClientRepository) {

	OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider authorizedClientProvider =
			OAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder.builder()
					.authorizationCode()
					.refreshToken()
					.clientCredentials()
					.build();

	DefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager authorizedClientManager =
			new DefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager(
					clientRegistrationRepository, authorizedClientRepository);
	authorizedClientManager.setAuthorizedClientProvider(authorizedClientProvider);

	return authorizedClientManager;
}
@Bean
fun authorizedClientManager(
        clientRegistrationRepository: ClientRegistrationRepository,
        authorizedClientRepository: OAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository): OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager {
    val authorizedClientProvider = OAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder.builder()
            .authorizationCode()
            .refreshToken()
            .clientCredentials()
            .build()
    val authorizedClientManager = DefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager(
            clientRegistrationRepository, authorizedClientRepository)
    authorizedClientManager.setAuthorizedClientProvider(authorizedClientProvider)
    return authorizedClientManager
}

當授權嘗試成功時,DefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager 委託給 OAuth2AuthorizationSuccessHandler,後者(預設情況下)透過 OAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository 儲存 OAuth2AuthorizedClient。在重新授權失敗的情況下(例如,重新整理令牌不再有效),以前儲存的 OAuth2AuthorizedClient 會透過 RemoveAuthorizedClientOAuth2AuthorizationFailureHandlerOAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository 中移除。您可以透過 setAuthorizationSuccessHandler(OAuth2AuthorizationSuccessHandler)setAuthorizationFailureHandler(OAuth2AuthorizationFailureHandler) 自定義預設行為。

DefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager 還關聯了一個型別為 Function<OAuth2AuthorizeRequest, Map<String, Object>>contextAttributesMapper,它負責將 OAuth2AuthorizeRequest 中的屬性對映到與 OAuth2AuthorizationContext 關聯的屬性 Map。當您需要向 OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider 提供所需(支援的)屬性時,這會很有用。

以下程式碼顯示了 contextAttributesMapper 的示例:

  • Java

  • Kotlin

@Bean
public OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager authorizedClientManager(
		ClientRegistrationRepository clientRegistrationRepository,
		OAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository authorizedClientRepository) {

	OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider authorizedClientProvider =
			OAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder.builder()
					.authorizationCode()
					.refreshToken()
					.build();

	DefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager authorizedClientManager =
			new DefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager(
					clientRegistrationRepository, authorizedClientRepository);
	authorizedClientManager.setAuthorizedClientProvider(authorizedClientProvider);

	// Assuming the attributes are supplied as `HttpServletRequest` parameters,
	// map the `HttpServletRequest` parameters to `OAuth2AuthorizationContext.getAttributes()`
	authorizedClientManager.setContextAttributesMapper(contextAttributesMapper());

	return authorizedClientManager;
}

private Function<OAuth2AuthorizeRequest, Map<String, Object>> contextAttributesMapper() {
	return authorizeRequest -> {
		Map<String, Object> contextAttributes = Collections.emptyMap();
		HttpServletRequest servletRequest = authorizeRequest.getAttribute(HttpServletRequest.class.getName());
		String param1 = servletRequest.getParameter("param1");
		String param2 = servletRequest.getParameter("param2");
		if (StringUtils.hasText(param1) && StringUtils.hasText(param2)) {
			contextAttributes = new HashMap<>();
			contextAttributes.put("param1", param1);
			contextAttributes.put("param2", param2);
		}
		return contextAttributes;
	};
}
@Bean
fun authorizedClientManager(
        clientRegistrationRepository: ClientRegistrationRepository,
        authorizedClientRepository: OAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository): OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager {
    val authorizedClientProvider = OAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder.builder()
            .authorizationCode()
            .refreshToken()
            .build()
    val authorizedClientManager = DefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager(
            clientRegistrationRepository, authorizedClientRepository)
    authorizedClientManager.setAuthorizedClientProvider(authorizedClientProvider)

	// Assuming the attributes are supplied as `HttpServletRequest` parameters,
	// map the `HttpServletRequest` parameters to `OAuth2AuthorizationContext.getAttributes()`
    authorizedClientManager.setContextAttributesMapper(contextAttributesMapper())
    return authorizedClientManager
}

private fun contextAttributesMapper(): Function<OAuth2AuthorizeRequest, MutableMap<String, Any>> {
    return Function { authorizeRequest ->
        var contextAttributes: MutableMap<String, Any> = mutableMapOf()
        val servletRequest: HttpServletRequest = authorizeRequest.getAttribute(HttpServletRequest::class.java.name)
        val param1: String = servletRequest.getParameter("param1")
        val param2: String = servletRequest.getParameter("param2")
        if (StringUtils.hasText(param1) && StringUtils.hasText(param2)) {
            contextAttributes = hashMapOf()
            contextAttributes["param1"] = param1
            contextAttributes["param2"] = param2
        }
        contextAttributes
    }
}

DefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager 旨在用於 HttpServletRequest 的上下文中。在 HttpServletRequest 上下文之外操作時,請改用 AuthorizedClientServiceOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager

服務應用程式是使用 AuthorizedClientServiceOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager 的常見用例。服務應用程式通常在後臺執行,沒有任何使用者互動,並且通常在系統級帳戶而不是使用者帳戶下執行。配置了 client_credentials 授予型別的 OAuth 2.0 客戶端可以被視為一種服務應用程式。

以下程式碼顯示瞭如何配置 AuthorizedClientServiceOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager 以支援 client_credentials 授予型別的示例:

  • Java

  • Kotlin

@Bean
public OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager authorizedClientManager(
		ClientRegistrationRepository clientRegistrationRepository,
		OAuth2AuthorizedClientService authorizedClientService) {

	OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider authorizedClientProvider =
			OAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder.builder()
					.clientCredentials()
					.build();

	AuthorizedClientServiceOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager authorizedClientManager =
			new AuthorizedClientServiceOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager(
					clientRegistrationRepository, authorizedClientService);
	authorizedClientManager.setAuthorizedClientProvider(authorizedClientProvider);

	return authorizedClientManager;
}
@Bean
fun authorizedClientManager(
        clientRegistrationRepository: ClientRegistrationRepository,
        authorizedClientService: OAuth2AuthorizedClientService): OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager {
    val authorizedClientProvider = OAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder.builder()
            .clientCredentials()
            .build()
    val authorizedClientManager = AuthorizedClientServiceOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager(
            clientRegistrationRepository, authorizedClientService)
    authorizedClientManager.setAuthorizedClientProvider(authorizedClientProvider)
    return authorizedClientManager
}
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