使用泛型作為自動裝配限定符
除了 @Qualifier
註解外,你還可以使用 Java 泛型作為隱式的限定符形式。例如,假設你有以下配置:
-
Java
-
Kotlin
@Configuration
public class MyConfiguration {
@Bean
public StringStore stringStore() {
return new StringStore();
}
@Bean
public IntegerStore integerStore() {
return new IntegerStore();
}
}
@Configuration
class MyConfiguration {
@Bean
fun stringStore() = StringStore()
@Bean
fun integerStore() = IntegerStore()
}
假設上述 Bean 實現了泛型介面(即 Store<String>
和 Store<Integer>
),你可以 @Autowire
注入 Store
介面,並且泛型會作為限定符使用,如下例所示:
-
Java
-
Kotlin
@Autowired
private Store<String> s1; // <String> qualifier, injects the stringStore bean
@Autowired
private Store<Integer> s2; // <Integer> qualifier, injects the integerStore bean
@Autowired
private lateinit var s1: Store<String> // <String> qualifier, injects the stringStore bean
@Autowired
private lateinit var s2: Store<Integer> // <Integer> qualifier, injects the integerStore bean
泛型限定符在自動裝配列表、Map
例項和陣列時也適用。以下示例自動裝配了一個泛型 List
:
-
Java
-
Kotlin
// Inject all Store beans as long as they have an <Integer> generic
// Store<String> beans will not appear in this list
@Autowired
private List<Store<Integer>> s;
// Inject all Store beans as long as they have an <Integer> generic
// Store<String> beans will not appear in this list
@Autowired
private lateinit var s: List<Store<Integer>>