開始使用

如果您剛開始使用 Spring Authorization Server，以下部分將引導您建立您的第一個應用程式。

系統要求

Spring Authorization Server 需要 Java 17 或更高版本的執行時環境。

安裝 Spring Authorization Server

Spring Authorization Server 可用於您已經使用 Spring Security 的任何地方。

開始使用 Spring Authorization Server 最簡單的方法是建立一個基於 Spring Boot 的應用程式。您可以使用 start.spring.io 生成一個基本專案，或者使用 預設授權伺服器示例 作為指南。然後新增 Spring Boot 的 Spring Authorization Server 入門程式作為依賴項

  • Maven

  • Gradle

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-oauth2-authorization-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
implementation "org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-oauth2-authorization-server"
有關將 Spring Boot 與 Maven 或 Gradle 結合使用的更多資訊，請參閱 安裝 Spring Boot。

或者，您可以在不使用 Spring Boot 的情況下新增 Spring Authorization Server，如下面的示例所示

  • Maven

  • Gradle

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-security-oauth2-authorization-server</artifactId>
    <version>1.4.3</version>
</dependency>
implementation "org.springframework.security:spring-security-oauth2-authorization-server:1.4.3"

開發您的第一個應用程式

要開始使用，您需要將所需的最低元件定義為 @Bean。使用 spring-boot-starter-oauth2-authorization-server 依賴項時，請定義以下屬性，Spring Boot 將為您提供必要的 @Bean 定義

application.yml
server:
  port: 9000

logging:
  level:
    org.springframework.security: trace

spring:
  security:
    user:
      name: user
      password: password
    oauth2:
      authorizationserver:
        client:
          oidc-client:
            registration:
              client-id: "oidc-client"
              client-secret: "{noop}secret"
              client-authentication-methods:
                - "client_secret_basic"
              authorization-grant-types:
                - "authorization_code"
                - "refresh_token"
              redirect-uris:
                - "http://127.0.0.1:8080/login/oauth2/code/oidc-client"
              post-logout-redirect-uris:
                - "http://127.0.0.1:8080/"
              scopes:
                - "openid"
                - "profile"
            require-authorization-consent: true
除了入門體驗之外，大多數使用者都希望自定義預設配置。下一節演示瞭如何自己提供所有必需的 bean。

定義必需的元件

如果您想自定義預設配置（無論您是否使用 Spring Boot），您可以在 Spring @Configuration 中將所需的最低元件定義為 @Bean。

這些元件可以定義如下

SecurityConfig.java
import java.security.KeyPair;
import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
import java.util.UUID;

import com.nimbusds.jose.jwk.JWKSet;
import com.nimbusds.jose.jwk.RSAKey;
import com.nimbusds.jose.jwk.source.ImmutableJWKSet;
import com.nimbusds.jose.jwk.source.JWKSource;
import com.nimbusds.jose.proc.SecurityContext;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.security.config.Customizer;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.core.AuthorizationGrantType;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.core.ClientAuthenticationMethod;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.core.oidc.OidcScopes;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.jwt.JwtDecoder;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.client.InMemoryRegisteredClientRepository;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.client.RegisteredClient;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.client.RegisteredClientRepository;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.config.annotation.web.configuration.OAuth2AuthorizationServerConfiguration;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.config.annotation.web.configurers.OAuth2AuthorizationServerConfigurer;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.settings.AuthorizationServerSettings;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.settings.ClientSettings;
import org.springframework.security.provisioning.InMemoryUserDetailsManager;
import org.springframework.security.web.SecurityFilterChain;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.LoginUrlAuthenticationEntryPoint;
import org.springframework.security.web.util.matcher.MediaTypeRequestMatcher;

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig {

	@Bean (1)
	@Order(1)
	public SecurityFilterChain authorizationServerSecurityFilterChain(HttpSecurity http)
			throws Exception {
		OAuth2AuthorizationServerConfigurer authorizationServerConfigurer =
				OAuth2AuthorizationServerConfigurer.authorizationServer();

		http
			.securityMatcher(authorizationServerConfigurer.getEndpointsMatcher())
			.with(authorizationServerConfigurer, (authorizationServer) ->
				authorizationServer
					.oidc(Customizer.withDefaults())	// Enable OpenID Connect 1.0
			)
			.authorizeHttpRequests((authorize) ->
				authorize
					.anyRequest().authenticated()
			)
			// Redirect to the login page when not authenticated from the
			// authorization endpoint
			.exceptionHandling((exceptions) -> exceptions
				.defaultAuthenticationEntryPointFor(
					new LoginUrlAuthenticationEntryPoint("/login"),
					new MediaTypeRequestMatcher(MediaType.TEXT_HTML)
				)
			);

		return http.build();
	}

	@Bean (2)
	@Order(2)
	public SecurityFilterChain defaultSecurityFilterChain(HttpSecurity http)
			throws Exception {
		http
			.authorizeHttpRequests((authorize) -> authorize
				.anyRequest().authenticated()
			)
			// Form login handles the redirect to the login page from the
			// authorization server filter chain
			.formLogin(Customizer.withDefaults());

		return http.build();
	}

	@Bean (3)
	public UserDetailsService userDetailsService() {
		UserDetails userDetails = User.withDefaultPasswordEncoder()
				.username("user")
				.password("password")
				.roles("USER")
				.build();

		return new InMemoryUserDetailsManager(userDetails);
	}

	@Bean (4)
	public RegisteredClientRepository registeredClientRepository() {
		RegisteredClient oidcClient = RegisteredClient.withId(UUID.randomUUID().toString())
				.clientId("oidc-client")
				.clientSecret("{noop}secret")
				.clientAuthenticationMethod(ClientAuthenticationMethod.CLIENT_SECRET_BASIC)
				.authorizationGrantType(AuthorizationGrantType.AUTHORIZATION_CODE)
				.authorizationGrantType(AuthorizationGrantType.REFRESH_TOKEN)
				.redirectUri("http://127.0.0.1:8080/login/oauth2/code/oidc-client")
				.postLogoutRedirectUri("http://127.0.0.1:8080/")
				.scope(OidcScopes.OPENID)
				.scope(OidcScopes.PROFILE)
				.clientSettings(ClientSettings.builder().requireAuthorizationConsent(true).build())
				.build();

		return new InMemoryRegisteredClientRepository(oidcClient);
	}

	@Bean (5)
	public JWKSource<SecurityContext> jwkSource() {
		KeyPair keyPair = generateRsaKey();
		RSAPublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic();
		RSAPrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate();
		RSAKey rsaKey = new RSAKey.Builder(publicKey)
				.privateKey(privateKey)
				.keyID(UUID.randomUUID().toString())
				.build();
		JWKSet jwkSet = new JWKSet(rsaKey);
		return new ImmutableJWKSet<>(jwkSet);
	}

	private static KeyPair generateRsaKey() { (6)
		KeyPair keyPair;
		try {
			KeyPairGenerator keyPairGenerator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
			keyPairGenerator.initialize(2048);
			keyPair = keyPairGenerator.generateKeyPair();
		}
		catch (Exception ex) {
			throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
		}
		return keyPair;
	}

	@Bean (7)
	public JwtDecoder jwtDecoder(JWKSource<SecurityContext> jwkSource) {
		return OAuth2AuthorizationServerConfiguration.jwtDecoder(jwkSource);
	}

	@Bean (8)
	public AuthorizationServerSettings authorizationServerSettings() {
		return AuthorizationServerSettings.builder().build();
	}

}

這是快速入門的最小配置。要了解每個元件的用途，請參閱以下描述

1 用於 協議端點 的 Spring Security 過濾器鏈。
2 用於 身份驗證 的 Spring Security 過濾器鏈。
3 用於檢索使用者以進行身份驗證的 UserDetailsService 例項。
4 用於管理客戶端的 RegisteredClientRepository 例項。
5 用於簽署訪問令牌的 com.nimbusds.jose.jwk.source.JWKSource 例項。
6 java.security.KeyPair 例項，其中包含啟動時生成的金鑰，用於建立上面的 JWKSource。
7 用於解碼已簽名訪問令牌的 JwtDecoder 例項。
8 用於配置 Spring Authorization Server 的 AuthorizationServerSettings 例項。